The Republic of San Marino The republic of San Marino was founded in 310 AC and is the smallest independent state in the world. It is situated in the heart of Italy between the Marche and Emilia Romagna regions at just 22km from Rimini, perhaps one of the most famous sea resorts in Europe. The population of San Marino is roughly 25,000, the official language is Italian, the religion catholic and the currency the San Marino lire, the same as the Italian lire. The territory is an irregular shape, mostly hilly with Mount Titan in the centre; it has a mild climate (annual average 16°C).